Main Systems of Exploitation

Methods of Open Roses. Digging with frontal chargers and/or combined systems. The mined system consists in cut and refill in open heaven.

This method is used mainly in the deposits of the type of medium, high terraces, of hills and non consolidated winnowing places. For its operation, it requires a stationary plant and/or mobile, integrally based in the gravimetric principles, which recuperating elements are the sluices provided by a system of rifling.

The sudden impulse equipment, carrying, food and the washing plant will be through the frontal chargers or combined equipment shovel-truck, using the bulldozers for the clearing of land of the over carrying of the area to be mined. The evacuation of the thick second washing of metals, selected by a counter current through a Zaranda, this can be effectuated with the frontal chargers, and the fine ones are eliminated with Venturi tubing. And the provision of water to the plant by the pumping system. In this system of mining you get the facility of exploring and sampling, and you have a high recuperation due to the fact that the deposit is dry; but you have the disadvantage that the unit costs of operations is high.

Dredging. It is used for small dredging deposits of little depth and non consolidated materials, with adequate amounts of water and material without rocks. It is constituted by a type of moving crane provided with a fisher, with a radio of action relatively large, where the ladle which is held by two steel cables, one of them operates through one pulley situated on the top extreme of the fisher, it is used to raise, lower and to throw back; the other cable is used to throw the ladle through the terrain, to fill and empty the ladle. The weight and the dimension of the ladle play an important role in the excavation; both the fisher and the ladle are actioned from the house of the crane by a series of winches moved by explosion or electric motors.

The locomotion of the dredger can be mounted in Caterpillar or Crawler trucks with wheels of caterpillars of great capacity, and the Walking Monighan with skates of 4 feet wide by 25 feet long.

The washing plant consists in a Washing Plants which is mounted in a floating cask. The classifying element of the thick ones is the Trommel, the recuperation can be through the sluices with jigs, and the elimination of the rewashes through the transporting belt.

As advantages: it digs the top part of the alluvial bank, vegetation land, clay, sand and the rest of the sterile materials and places them in areas which do not interfere with the exploitation.