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Gold Mining
In great civilizations it is necessary to have some kind of means of exchange because if well it is fun to be able to exchange three loaves of bread for a bag of potatoes bartering is inefficient as a means of trade in a modern world. Without a feasible means, the advancement of civilization would have been extremely slow, or maybe it would have just never happened. It takes a lot of time to carry products everywhere to try to exchange them little by little with other people that could have what you need.
In today’s world one could spend more time exchanging products than in producing them. And, what happens with the guy that makes specialized electronic devices. Maybe there are in the world two or three groups that need those devices, so it is necessary for them to be able to supply something valuable that can be renegotiated to get what one needs to continue with his life. Since the beginning of civilization gold has been considered as a valuable object and as such it has been used as a means of trade.
Farmer Jones had a corn field. Some of the people of its locality used to exchange gold for some of their crops. He needed a cow therefore; he would exchange some of his gold with the rancher to get it. The rancher needed wire to fence and keep his cattle, so he took some of that gold to exchange it in the nearest main store carrying that material, and so goes on the chain of exchange.
Actually, it does not matter why gold is considered valuable; it is enough to know that it is considered valuable by humanity since the beginning of civilization, as written history narrates. And it will keep on being considered valuable in the future. The reason lays on economic matters.
