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The basic principle of probably all centrifuge separators is that slurries subjected to a centrifugal field experience large shear rates. As layers of particles move by each other, particles collide, creating a dispersive pressure orthogonal to the shear rate. Large particles are thus pried apart, making it possible for finer particles to percolate. This mechanism minimizes the problem of terminal settling velocities, down to particle sizes of approximately 15 µm. however it provides little density based selectivity and must be supplemented to produce effective separations.
The Knelson concentrator relies on an enhanced gravitational force of 60g gravities, together with Knelson’s patented fluidization process to enable recovery of even micron size particles. First water is injected into the rotating concentrating cone through a series of fluidization holes. Then, feed slur ry is introduced through a stationary feed tube. Once, the slurry reaches the bottom of the cone wall, filling each ring to capacity to create a concentrated bed. Then, once optimum fluidization has been achieved, high specific gravity particles are retained in the cone. When the concentration cycle is complete, concentrates are flushed from the bowl (cone) into the concentrate launder through a multi port hub. This procedure can be done automatically is less than a minute.
The Falcon concentrator works under the same idea of Knelson concentrator. There few physical differences, but the idea is the same.
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