You are hereCarbon-in-pulp-in-leach, Carrying Charge
Carbon-in-pulp-in-leach, Carrying Charge
- C ache: A place where supplies are stored or hidden.
- Caisson: A metal casing or cylinder used to sink shafts in unstable or wet placer ground.
- Calc-Alcaline / Calc-Alcalic: 1. Said of a series of igneous rocks in which the weight percentage of silica is between 56 and 61 when the weight percentages of CaO and of K2O + Na2O are equal. 2. Said of an igneous rock containing plagioclase feldspar.
- Calcareous: Like limestone or calcium carbonate, or composed of same. Said of a substance that contains calcium carbonate. When applied to a rock name it implies that as much as 50% of the rock is calcium carbonate.
- Calcine: To roast a substance and drive of its volatile contents.
- Calich: A cemented conglomerate, usually occurring in desert climates.
- Calorie: Heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Centigrade.
- Cam: Projection on a shaft that impart irregular motion or reciprocating action to another part; also the shaft itself.
- Cap rock: A layer of rock lying on top of another type of rock.
- Capillarity: The property of liquids allowing them to rise through solids.
- Capping: The overburden or rock deposit overlying a body of mineral or ore.
- Carat: Unit of weight used for precious stones, equal to 3.2 grains.
- Carbon-in-leach: A recovery process in which a slurry of gold ore, carbon granules and cyanide are mixed together. The cyanide dissolves the gold content and the gold is adsorbed on the carbon. The carbon is subsequently separated from the slurry for further gold removal.
- Carbon Steel: A steel hardened by the addition of carbon; drill rod.
- Carbonaceous: Refers to rocks interning carbon. Carboniferous: A geological time period. (a) Said of a rock or sediment that is rich in carbon; coaly. (b) Said of a sediment containing organic matter.
- Carbonate: 1. A mineral compound characterized by a fundamental anionic structure. 2. A sediment formed by the organic or inorganic precipitation from aqueous solution of carbonates of calcium, magnesium, or iron; e.g. limestone and dolomite.
- Carbon-in-leach: A recovery process in which a slurry of gold ore, carbon granules and cyanide are mixed together. The cyanide dissolves the gold content and the gold is adsorbed on the carbon: the carbon is subsequently separated from the slurry for further gold removal.
- Carbon-in-pulp: A precious metals leaching technique in which granular activated carbon particles much larger than the ground ore particles are added to the cyanidation pulp after the precious metals have been solubilized. The activated carbon and pulp are agitated together to enable the solubilized precious metals to become adsorbed onto the activated carbon. The loaded activated carbon is mechanically screened to separate it from the barren ore pulp and processed to remove the precious metals and prepare it for reuse. Similar to carbon-in-leach process.
- Carborundum: Silicon carbide used as an abrasive.
- Carrying Charge: The cost of storing metal over a period of time. Includes insurance, storage, and interest on the invested funds.
- Cash and Carry: In a contango market, the premium of the forward position over the nearby position generally reflects the cost of storage, insurance and finance for that period. When metal is in surplus, the contango may widen to the point where banking operations are attractive. Capital is invested by buying cash metal and simultaneously selling forward. A positive cash and carry yields, after costs, a better return than prevailing money markets.
- Cash Market or Price: The physical commodity or the price required for immediate settlement. In futures, the nearest delivery month. Also known as the "spot price."
- Casing head: Hardened fitting on top of casing, used for driving casing.
- Casing: Pipe inserted into water wells and certain drill holes.
- Caustic: Corrosive chemical substance.
- Cave In: Collapse of mine workings.
- Caving: A mining method where ore is purposely caved.
- Centigrade: A system for measuring temperature.
- Ceramic: Refers to clays hardened by roasting.
- Chain: Survey measure equal to 66 feet.
- Chalcedony / Chalcedonic: A cryptocrystalline variety of quartz. It is commonly microscopically fibrous, may be translucent or semitransparent, and has a nearly wax like luster, a uniform tint, and a white, pale-blue, gray, brown, or black color.
- Chalcopyrite: A bright brass-yellow tetragonal mineral. It is generally found massive and constitutes the most important ore of copper.
- Channel: The main section of a water course.
- Channelway: An opening or passage in a rock through which mineral-bearing solutions or gases may move.
- Check valve: Device for controlling flow of liquids or gasses.
- Chemical Analysis: Determination of content by chemistry.
- Chemical: Refers to substances involved in reaction between the elements.
- Chert: A hard, extremely dense or compact, dull to semivitreous, sedimentary rock, consisting dominantly of interlocking crystals of quartz; it may contain amorphous silica (opal). It may be white or variously colored gray, green, blue, pink, red, yellow, brown, and black.
- Clast: An individual constituent, grain, or fragment of a sediment or rock, produced by the mechanical weathering (disintegration) of a larger rock mass.
- Clearing: The procedure through which trades are checked for accuracy after which the clearinghouse becomes the buyer to each seller and the seller to each buyer.
- Clearinghouse: An agency connected to a commodity exchange through which transactions executed on the floor of the exchange are cleared.
- Coarse gold: General term applied to rough or angular gold particles as well as to larger pieces or nuggets.
- Collar: The term applied to the timbering or concrete around the mouth of a shaft and the start of a drill hole. The mouth or upper end of a mine shaft.
- Colloidal gold: Extremely fine gold particles that can remain suspended in solution.
- Comb: A vein filling in which subparallel crystals, generally of quartz, have grown perpendicular to the vein walls and thus resemble the teeth of a comb. - adj. Said of such a crystal texture or structure in a vein.
- Compression: A system of forces or stresses that tends to decrease the volume or to shorten a substance, or the change of volume produced by such a system of forces.
- Concentrate: To separate and enrich the valuable minerals contained in the placer, and also the product of that concentration.
- Concentrate: A powdery product containing the valuable ore mineral from which most of the waste material has been eliminated.
- Concentrator: 1. A plant where ore is separated into values (concentrates) and rejects (tails). An appliance in such a plant, e.g., flotation cell, jig, electromagnet, shaking table. Also called mill; reduction works; cleaning plant. 2. An apparatus in which, by the aid of water, air, and/or gravity, mechanical concentration of ores is performed.
- Conglomerate: An aggregate of sand and gravel that has been cemented together by other mineral substances.
- Contained ounces: Represents ounces in the ground without the reduction of ounces not recovered by the applicable metallurgical process.
- Contango: A market condition in which prices are progressively higher in future months than in the nearest delivery month. A contango market generally reflects ample supplies of a commodity. The actual difference between spot and forward prices is also called the contango, which is primarily the cost of money to finance metal over time.
- Convergence: A natural decline in the differential between the cash and the nearby futures price to the point where both reach or approach zero.
- Core Hole: Any hole drilled for the purpose of obtaining cores; loosely, a well, generally shallow, drilled for geological information only.
- Cradle: Refers to a gold rocker.
- Crevicing: The cleaning of cracks and crevices in the bedrock beneath a watercourse for the gold particles lodged therein. Also called "sniping".
- Cribbing: Timbering used to support shafts in wet or loose gravels.
- Cut-and-fill: A method of stoping in which ore is removed in slices or lifts, and then the excavation is filled with rock or other waste material (backfill) before the subsequent slice is mined. A stoping method in which the ore is excavated by successive flat or inclined slices, working upward from the level. However, after each slice is blasted down, all broken ore is removed, and the stope is filled with waste (backfill) up to within a few feet of the back before the next slice is taken out, just enough room being left between the top of the waste pile and the back of the stope to provide working space. The term cut-and-fill stoping implies a definite and characteristic sequence of operations: (1) breaking a slice of ore from the back; (2) removing the broken ore; and (3) introducing filling
- Cutoff Grade: The minimum grade of ore that can be mined and processed economically.
- Cyanidation: A method of extracting gold or silver by dissolving it in a weak solution of sodium cyanide. A process of extracting gold and silver as cyanide slimes from their ores by treatment with dilute solutions of potassium cyanide or sodium cyanide. The slimes are subsequently fused and cast into ingots or bullion.
